A bank creating an encryption key, a state drawing a lottery, and a hospital assigning patients to a trial all need the same thing: a random number that nobody in the room, and nobody who built the machine generating random output, could have known in advance. Ordinary computers aren’t optimized for randomness. They follow recipes. Left alone, they cycle, repeat, or leak the rhythm of their own clocks. As a result, modern systems keep asking for fresh and increasing volumes of unpredictability.
cryptography (4)
Imagine sending a sealed letter across a crowded city where anyone might intercept it. The seal on the envelope keeps the contents private, the signature on the letter proves the sender is who they claim to be, and reusing the same secure channel later without starting from scratch keeps things efficient. That’s roughly how the internet’s main security protocol works every time you open a banking site, send a message, or load an app. The protocol, known as Transport Layer Security (TLS), creates
Imagine two people who have never met in person but need to exchange sensitive documents over an open network. They agree on a single memorable password in advance and nothing else. The sender creates an encrypted message that only the recipient can open with that same password. No certificates, no trusted middleman, and no pre-installed keys are required. This capability comes from a cryptographic approach called password-authenticated public-key encryption, or PAPKE. It combines the conven
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), the National Security Agency (NSA), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have published new guidance to encourage organizations to begin early planning for post-quantum cryptography migration.
Titled Quantum-Readiness: Migration to Post-Quantum Cryptography https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/2023-08/Quantum%20Readiness_Final_CLEAR_508c%20%283%29.pdf , the document details the impact of quantum capabilitie
