A bank creating an encryption key, a state drawing a lottery, and a hospital assigning patients to a trial all need the same thing: a random number that nobody in the room, and nobody who built the machine generating random output, could have known in advance. Ordinary computers aren’t optimized for randomness. They follow recipes. Left alone, they cycle, repeat, or leak the rhythm of their own clocks. As a result, modern systems keep asking for fresh and increasing volumes of unpredictability.
